中文摘要

進入 21 世紀以來，伴隨著汽車的大量普及，汽車工業(yè)得到了迅猛發(fā)展，汽車空調(diào)也越來越多的受到人們的關(guān)注，作為汽車空調(diào)的心臟——壓縮機也得到了飛速的發(fā)展。旋葉式壓縮機裝車后，當空調(diào)系統(tǒng)開啟時，發(fā)現(xiàn)車內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了異響現(xiàn)象，影響了汽車的乘坐舒適性，為了減少異響對汽車車內(nèi)噪聲的影響，必須準確識別出異響原因及部位，為改進及其控制作必要的準備。

本文通過德國HEAD-ArtemiS便攜式噪聲測試系統(tǒng)對正常壓縮機和異響壓縮機進行了聲壓的測試，并對4000r/s時正常壓縮機和異常壓縮機時域、頻譜和自相關(guān)對比分析，根據(jù)其工作原理，我們猜測異響是由壓力脈動引起的，接著對聲壓和壓力脈動、壓力脈動異常段和異響段做相干分析，得出異響是由壓力脈動引起的；在對比分析中，還發(fā)現(xiàn)了出現(xiàn)五強五弱現(xiàn)象的壓縮機成為異響機的概率比較大；由于實驗室協(xié)調(diào)問題，課題異響部位識別實驗做不了。最后是主觀評價實驗，選取六個噪聲樣本，采用成對比較法，20個主觀評價主體分別打分，統(tǒng)計打分結(jié)果，用office自帶的Excel軟件分別對主觀評價結(jié)果（包括女性人群和男性人群）和響度、尖銳度、波動度和粗糙度進行線性回歸分析；結(jié)果響度、尖銳度和主觀評價結(jié)果相關(guān)性非常好，表明可以用客觀參數(shù)響度、尖銳度來代替主觀評價。


關(guān)鍵詞：壓縮機異響；識別；壓力脈動；主觀評價。












ABSTRACT

With the popularization of the motorcar, the automobile industry has developed very quickly since 21st century, and the automobile air conditioner gets more and more public’s attention. As the “heart” of the automobile air conditioner, the compressor has much rapid development too. After loading Rotary vane compressor,When turning on the air-conditioning system,find abnormal sound inside the car.impact the Comfort of motor vehicles,In order to reduce the impact of abnormal sound for the noise inside the car.We must accurately identify the reasons and site for abnormal sound.
Using portable type noise testing soft(HEAD-ArtemiS) of German to test the normal and abnormal sound compressor.When the speed for 4000r/s，we analysised time domain、frequency spectrum、auto correlation of normal compressor and abnormal compressor，According to its principle，We speculated the abnormal sound is caused by the pressure fluctuation；then we make the sound pressure and pulse pressure、the abnormal pressure pulse and abnormal sound to the coherent analysising，we aggregate that the abnormal sound is caused by the pressure fluctuation. In contrast analysis，we also found the probability of compressor that appearance the top five and weak five become abnormal compressor is very large. As laboratory coordination，subject that identify the site of abnormal sound can not do. Finally it is subjective appraisal experiment, selected six noise sample，used geminate comparison test, 20 subjective appraisal people rate respectively, statistics rate results，with the software office carrying the software Excel carries on the linear regression analysis to the results of subjective appraisal (Including female and male crowd crowd) and loudness、sharpness、roughness、fluctuation strength;the results is the relevance of loudness、sharpness and subjective measure results is very good,it indicate we can replace the subjective eva luation with objective parameters.



Key words: compressor;abnormal sound; identification; pressure fluctuation, subjective eva luation.


目錄
中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 緒論 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 本課題的重要性和意義 1
1.3 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.4 本課題的研究內(nèi)容及目的 4
2 旋葉式壓縮機 5
2.1 旋葉式汽車空調(diào)壓縮機基本結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 5
2.1.1基本結(jié)構(gòu) 5
2.1.2工作原理 5
2.2噪聲產(chǎn)生機理 6
2.2.1壓縮機噪聲的分類 6
2.2.2機械噪聲 6
2.2.3空氣動力性噪聲 7
2.3 本章小結(jié) 10
3 壓縮機異響分析 11
3.1 實驗工況、測點布置及測試系統(tǒng) 11
3.1.1實驗工況 11
3.1.2測點布置 11
3.1.3測試系統(tǒng) 12
3.2 測量結(jié)果分析 12
3.2.1正常壓縮機和異響壓縮機時域?qū)Ρ?12
3.2.2正常壓縮機噪聲信號分析 13
3.2.3異響壓縮機異響信號分析 14
3.2.4異響過渡段分析 16
3.2.5異響機正常段分析 18
3.2.6對比分析 18
3.3 壓力脈動異常段和異響段分析 19
3.3.1采集信號 19
3.3.2信號分析 19
3.4 異響壓縮機規(guī)律分析 23
3.5 實驗方案 25
3.6 本章小結(jié) 26
4 壓縮機異響主觀評價 27
4.1 心理參數(shù)基本理論 28
4.1.1人耳的聽覺特性 28
4.1.2心理聲學(xué)參數(shù) 28
4.2 主觀評價試驗 31
4.2.1噪聲樣本的采集 32
4.2.2主體選擇及培訓(xùn) 32
4.2.3試驗方法 32
4.2.4試驗場地 33
4.2.5試驗數(shù)據(jù)及分析處理 33
4.3 本章小結(jié) 39
5 結(jié)論 1
致謝 42