摘 要

維卡水泥檢測(cè)儀是一種檢測(cè)儀器，用于水泥凝結(jié)時(shí)間的測(cè)定。水泥的凝結(jié)時(shí)間是水泥的重要參數(shù)，而我國(guó)目前關(guān)于水泥凝結(jié)時(shí)間測(cè)定的技術(shù)水平很低，甚至基本上停留在手工操作階段，這種測(cè)試方式不僅操作人員勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度高，而且測(cè)試結(jié)果受人為因素影響很大。國(guó)外雖然出現(xiàn)了自動(dòng)維卡儀，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)測(cè)試過程的自動(dòng)化，可是測(cè)試方法并不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；測(cè)試結(jié)果需要經(jīng)過人工分寫得出，受到一定認(rèn)為因素的影響；測(cè)試儀器不滿足水泥凝結(jié)時(shí)間測(cè)試對(duì)溫度、濕度的要求。因此，研制能滿足水泥凝結(jié)時(shí)間測(cè)試國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、操作方便、測(cè)試精度高、測(cè)試結(jié)果能自動(dòng)分析的全自動(dòng)維卡儀器，對(duì)提高水泥檢測(cè)的自動(dòng)化水平和檢測(cè)質(zhì)量具有十分重要的工程實(shí)用價(jià)值。
本文對(duì)現(xiàn)有的手動(dòng)式維卡儀的工作原理和性能特點(diǎn)對(duì)比分析，指出了其存在的缺陷和急需解決的問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行了以下研究工作：
模仿人工測(cè)試，進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。采用機(jī)電一體化技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了凝結(jié)時(shí)間測(cè)定過程的自動(dòng)化；
針對(duì)國(guó)外維卡儀不能準(zhǔn)確測(cè)得試針的沉入深度，首次提出了“自找平技術(shù)”和現(xiàn)代傳感器技術(shù)應(yīng)用于試針沉入深度的測(cè)定，通過自找平裝置的設(shè)計(jì)和容柵位移傳感器的安裝設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了試針每一個(gè)沉入深度的精確測(cè)定；
針對(duì)國(guó)外維卡水泥檢測(cè)儀需要人工進(jìn)行采集分析得出凝結(jié)時(shí)間，提出了數(shù)據(jù)自動(dòng)分析和處理。通過軟件設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)傳感器采集的數(shù)據(jù)適時(shí)分析，實(shí)現(xiàn)了實(shí)驗(yàn)的自動(dòng)結(jié)束，提高了測(cè)試效率；對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)組的自動(dòng)分析計(jì)算，實(shí)現(xiàn)了初凝和終凝時(shí)間的精確測(cè)定，從此形成真正意義上的全自動(dòng)維卡儀。
該儀器的研制成功不但填補(bǔ)了國(guó)內(nèi)空白，而且技術(shù)上優(yōu)于國(guó)外的自動(dòng)維卡儀，價(jià)格確只有國(guó)外自動(dòng)維卡儀的三分之一，不僅滿足了廣大客戶的需要，而且也代表了普通實(shí)驗(yàn)室最先進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的解決方案。
關(guān)鍵詞：維卡儀，水泥，容柵傳感器，機(jī)電一體化，自動(dòng)測(cè)試。








ABSTRACT

Vicat apparatus is a kind of testing instrument,used for measuring cement coagulation time which is one of the crucial parameters of cement performance.But at home the technical level about coagulation time is much low,basically remaining the level of manual operating. In this testing method, not only high labor intensity will be needed., but also will the man-made factors greatly affect on the testing results. Although automatic Vicat apparatus has been appearing ,achieving the automatization of testing course.However,this method don’t fit the testing standord;testing results analysised and gaided by workers are affected by man-made factors;instrument can’t satisfy the demand for tempreture with humidity of cement coagulation time.So, to develop full automatic Vicat apparatus with the character of fitting the testing standard, convenient operation,the high testing operation and auto-analyzing and computing the testing results, will be valuable to improve the automatic level and testing quality of cement testing.
This paper presents the comparative analasis of working principle and performance character between existing manual Vicat apparatus and automatic Vicat apparatus,pointing out the exsiting shortages and problem in dire need of solving.On this basis,following researches have been carried out:
Corrsponding mechanism has been designed,imitated manual testing.Mechatronice technology has been adopted to realize the mensuration course autoimmunization of coagulation time.
While overseas automatic Vicat apparatus can’t truly measure the inserting depth of testing pin,the technology of searching the right point automatically and modern sensor technology have been have been advanced for the first time to apply to the measuring of testing pin’inserching depth.Because of the design of serching the right point automatically device and installation desine of Capacitance-grate sisplacement transducers,accurate mensuration has been achieved for each inserting depth of testing pin.
This apparatus successfully developed not only fills up the demestic blank but also precedes the overseas automatic Vicat apparatus in technology,where its price is only as one third as overseas Vicat appatatus.It will bdelegate the solving scheme of the most advanced economy om ordinary laboratory as well as satisfy the demand vasr users.
Key words：Vicat apparatus,cement,capacitance-grating sensor,mechatronics,Automatic testing.






























目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1問題得提出及研究意義 1
1.1.1問題的提出 1
1.1.2研究的意義 1
1.2國(guó)內(nèi)外維卡儀的研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.3本課題所設(shè)計(jì)的維卡水泥見檢測(cè)儀的.原理 2
1.4課題任務(wù) 3
1.5重點(diǎn)研究?jī)?nèi)容 3
1.6實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑 3
2全自動(dòng)維卡儀關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究 5
2.1自找平技術(shù) 5
2.1.1自動(dòng)找平信號(hào)產(chǎn)生的研究 5
2.1.2試針停留在水泥表面準(zhǔn)確度的研究 6
2.2位移傳感器的應(yīng)用研究 7
2.2.1位移傳感器的選擇 7
2.2.2容柵傳感器的作用原理及特點(diǎn) 8
2.2.3容柵位移傳感器應(yīng)用于全自動(dòng)維卡儀的適宜性研究 11
2.2.4容柵位移傳感器在維卡儀上的定位于安裝設(shè)計(jì) 12
2.3數(shù)據(jù)自動(dòng)分析的應(yīng)用研究 13
2.4本章小結(jié) 14
3全自動(dòng)維卡儀各執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及外觀設(shè)計(jì) 15
3.1總體設(shè)計(jì) 15
3.2試針起升和釋放機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 15
3.3.試模移位機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.4插針機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 18
3.5機(jī)構(gòu)外殼設(shè)計(jì) 19
3.6保濕箱設(shè)..