摘要

隨著汽車制造技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，人民對于汽車座椅的要求也越來越高，如何進(jìn)一步滿足用戶個(gè)性化的需求以及更強(qiáng)調(diào)乘座舒適性、安全性和環(huán)保性已經(jīng)成為座椅控制的重要課題。傳統(tǒng)的汽車機(jī)械控制相比于電子控制無論是在控制精度還是可操作性上都存在著明顯的劣勢，電子技術(shù)在汽車上的使用甚至已經(jīng)成為汽車設(shè)計(jì)研究部門考慮汽車結(jié)構(gòu)革新的重要手段。
本文設(shè)計(jì)了汽車座椅的調(diào)節(jié)模塊的控制系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了汽車座椅控制的自動(dòng)化，在低成本的情況下提高了汽車座椅控制的可靠性、準(zhǔn)確性、可維護(hù)性，基本滿足了現(xiàn)代汽車的控制要求。
本文首先介紹了汽車電動(dòng)座椅的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和趨勢；其次根據(jù)轎車自動(dòng)座椅的控制要求和座椅十向調(diào)節(jié)，對座椅調(diào)節(jié)模塊進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)、功能等方面的總體分析和總體設(shè)計(jì)。
然后分別在硬件和軟件兩方面進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)以C8051F單片機(jī)為控制核心的汽車座椅調(diào)節(jié)模塊的設(shè)計(jì)。
通過對單片機(jī)的選型以及外圍電路的設(shè)計(jì)、CAN控制器與收發(fā)器選型以及通信接口硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)、直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片的選型以及控制電路設(shè)計(jì)、霍爾位置傳感器器件選型與汽車電動(dòng)座椅位置檢測設(shè)計(jì)，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)汽車控制模塊的設(shè)計(jì)。通過對系統(tǒng)軟件總體開發(fā)流程等設(shè)計(jì)，初步實(shí)現(xiàn)了CAN通信。
最后對本次設(shè)計(jì)工作做了一下總結(jié)，并設(shè)定了自己未來努力的方向，爭取在以后的設(shè)計(jì)工作中做的更好。


關(guān)鍵詞：記憶存儲，電動(dòng)座椅，多向調(diào)節(jié)，CANBUS，模塊控制

ABSTRACT

With the development of automobile manufacture technology, the consumers have more and more expectation for vehicle seats, how to meet the customer’s requirement and improve its performance about comfort, safety, and environmental-protection has been a study topic of vehicle control. Compared to electrical control, traditional automobile mechanical control is much worse in both control precision and operability. Electrical technology even turns into important method for automobile structure revolution by automobile design departments.
In this paper, an adjustment module control system for car-seat was designed to achieve the automation for car-seat control, and also to improve the reliability, accuracy, easy-to-maintenance in the case of cost-control. The system has met the needs of control and management to modern car.
This paper introduces the present development and the development tendency at first; second, to meet the demand of a certain car-seat’s control and the ten directions’ adjustment, this paper makes overall analysis and design on the basic structures and functions of the seat.
Then designs in the hardware and software respectively, ultimately achieves one system of the car seat adjustment module which takes the C8051F as the controlling core.
The drive-chip and designing the circuit for DC motor, selecting the hall position sensor and designing the position detecting module for the power car-seat, the design of the car-seat control module was accomplished. Through designing the general process of system, programming the delivery and receiving for message.
Finally, I make some summation about the design of this work, and set my own direction of future efforts, and wish I will do better.


Key words: memory storage, electric chairs, Multi-direction adjustment, CANBUS, control module

目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1 緒論 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2電動(dòng)座椅發(fā)展概況 1
1.2.1電動(dòng)座椅技術(shù)發(fā)展與現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.2電動(dòng)座椅發(fā)展趨勢 2
1.3本課題研究的目的和意義 3
1.4本課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 3
2 座椅調(diào)節(jié)模塊的分析和總體設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.1電動(dòng)座椅結(jié)構(gòu)與技術(shù)參數(shù) 5
2.2電動(dòng)座椅調(diào)節(jié)模塊的總體分析 7
2.2.1電動(dòng)座椅調(diào)節(jié)模塊的總體要求 7
2.2.2電動(dòng)座椅調(diào)節(jié)模塊的總體結(jié)構(gòu) 7
2.2.3電動(dòng)座椅調(diào)節(jié)模塊的功能 8
2.3座椅控制系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.3.1座椅控制系統(tǒng)的硬件總體設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.3.2座椅控制系統(tǒng)的軟件總體設(shè)計(jì) 9
3 座椅調(diào)節(jié)模塊的硬件設(shè)計(jì) 10
3.1單片機(jī)選型及主控制模塊設(shè)計(jì) 10
3.1.1 單片機(jī)概述 10
3.1.2 8051單片機(jī)硬件基本結(jié)構(gòu)及其特點(diǎn) 10
3.1.3 單片機(jī)外圍電路的設(shè)計(jì) 12
3.2直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.2.1直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的控制概述 13
3.2.2直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器選型 15
3.2.3直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)電路設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.3 傳感器檢測模塊設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.3.1霍爾位置傳感器概述 17
3.3.2 霍爾位置傳感器選型及檢測設(shè)計(jì) 19
3.4 CAN總線通信接口模塊及節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) 23
3.4.1 CAN獨(dú)立控制器SJA1000 23
3.4.2 CAN控制器接口 24
3.4.3 CAN總線節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) 25
4 座椅調(diào)節(jié)模塊的軟件設(shè)計(jì) 27
4.1 系統(tǒng)軟件的開發(fā)環(huán)境 27
4.2 SJA1000應(yīng)用程序設(shè)計(jì) 27
4.2.1 CAN控制器器SJA1000 初始化 28
4.3座椅調(diào)節(jié)模塊軟件開發(fā)流程 30
5 總結(jié) 32
致謝 33
參考文獻(xiàn)