多行星齒輪傳動設(shè)計分析（本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計）
摘 要

隨著中國基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的大規(guī)模建設(shè)和西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略的實施，鐵路、公路、大中型水電站建設(shè)以及南水北調(diào)、西氣東輸?shù)裙こ潭紝⑿枰ㄔO(shè)大量的長大隧道。地下空間的開發(fā)利用越迫切，對全斷面掘進(jìn)機(jī)的需求也日趨劇增，我國正在成為世界上掘進(jìn)機(jī)需求量最大的國家。巨大的市場需求與我國相對滯后的全斷面掘進(jìn)機(jī)研發(fā)技術(shù)之間的矛盾已經(jīng)凸顯。刀盤用大功率減速器作為全斷面掘進(jìn)機(jī)的關(guān)鍵部件，其承載能力和可靠性決定著整機(jī)的性能和使用壽命。針對土壓平衡盾構(gòu)對減速器高功率密度和高可靠性的要求，開展復(fù)雜工況條件下壓平衡盾構(gòu)減速器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計、制造和可靠性試驗等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究，不僅能夠提高我國全斷面掘進(jìn)機(jī)的自主研發(fā)能力，同時提升我國齒輪制造行業(yè)的自主創(chuàng)新能力和技術(shù)水平、推動行業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步、提高重大裝備制造業(yè)的核心競爭力，將發(fā)揮重要的支撐作用。本設(shè)計結(jié)合國家＂863＂《土壓平衡盾構(gòu)減速器關(guān)鍵技術(shù)》項目的要求，開展高功率密度減速器設(shè)計分析，以多行星輪傳動為研究對象，對4或5行星齒輪分流傳動的布置、均載技術(shù)進(jìn)行分析。本次設(shè)計的行星齒輪減速器，采用兩級NGW行星齒輪傳動，每級行星傳動采用4或5個行星齒輪非均勻分布的形式，完成減速器的設(shè)計工作，最后并對行星架和箱體進(jìn)行有限元分析，看其強(qiáng)度是否滿足要求，并對其進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。


關(guān)鍵詞：土壓平衡，盾構(gòu)，減速器，行星齒輪，非均勻分布

Abstract

With the large-scale construction of China’s infrastructure and the implementation of the western development strategy, the building of railway, highway, large and medium-sized hydropower stations as well as the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the West-East Gas Transmission project will all need to build up a large number of long and large tunnels. The more urgent to develop and utilize the underground space, the more demanding the full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) will be. And China is becoming the largest TBM demanding country in the world. The contradiction between the great market demand and the relatively backward research and development technology of our country has already been highlighted. The high power reducer for cutter head is the key part of TBM, and its bearing capacity and the reliability determine the performance and service life of the whole machine. According to the high requirement of the earth pressure balance shield to the power density and reliability of the speed reducer, launching the optimal design of the earth pressure balance shield speed reducer under complex working conditions and researching the key technology of manufacturing and reliability experiment will not only improve our country’s independent development ability of TBM, but also play a supporting role in enhancing the independent innovation ability and technical level of China gear manufacturing industry, promoting the technical progress, and increasing the core competence of the heavy equipments manufacturing industry. This project, based on the State “863” project “The Key Technology of the Earth Pressure Balance Shield Reducer”, analyze the design of high power density reducer. The study object is the transmission of the multi-planetary gear. And the project studies the collocation of the 4 or 5 planetary gears’ split transmission and the uniform load technology. This planetary gear reducer uses two-level NGW planetary gear rotation, and each planetary rotation uses 4 or 5 planetary gears’ non-uniform distribution to complete the design work of reducer. And finally, analyze the planet carrier and the case body by the use of a finite element method, checking whether its strength meet the requirement and optimize them.


Key words: Earth Pressure Balance, Shield, Reducer, planetary gears, non-uniform distribution


目 錄

摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 緒論 1
1.1 本文研究的背景和意義 1
1.2 土壓平衡盾構(gòu)簡介： 2
1.3 國內(nèi)外的研究發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 2
1.4 土壓平衡盾構(gòu)減速器的相關(guān)分析 2
1.4.1 減速器行星傳動選型分析： 2
1.4.2 不均布行星齒輪傳動分析： 3
1.5 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容 4
2 傳動方案選型分析 5
2.1 減速器工礦分析： 5
2.2 行星齒輪傳動型式和特點 5
2.3 傳動方案確定 6
2.4 NGW型行星齒輪非均勻分布時的裝配條件 6
3 傳動方案設(shè)計 8
3.1 已知條件： 8
3.2 選取傳動類型和傳動簡圖： 8
3.3 傳動比分配： 8
3.4 低速級NGW行星齒輪傳動設(shè)計 10
3.4.1 配齒計算 10
3.4.2　行星齒輪安裝角的確定： 11
3.4.3 初步計算齒輪的主要參數(shù) 12
3.4.4 確定齒輪的主要參數(shù)及幾何尺寸 14
3.4.5強(qiáng)度校核計算 15
3.5 低速級NGW行星齒輪的設(shè)計 23
3.5.1 傳遞效率計算 23
3.5.2 確定低速級輸入?yún)?shù) 24
3.5.3 低速級配齒計算 24
3.5.4　行星齒輪安裝角的確定： 25
3.5.5初步計算齒輪的主要參數(shù) 26
3.5.6 確定齒輪的主要參數(shù)及幾何尺寸 27
3.5.7強(qiáng)度校核計算 28
3.6 軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 35
3.6.1第一級太陽輪軸結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 36
3.6.2第二級太陽輪軸結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 36
3.6.3輸出軸設(shè)計： 37
3.7 關(guān)鍵零件設(shè)計 38
3.7.1 行星輪軸的計算 38
3.7.2 軸承選取和校核 40
3.7.3 行星架設(shè)計 43
3.7.4 有限元分析前初步確定減速器裝配圖如下： 44
4 三維建模 45
5 有限元分析 47
5.1 有限元法簡介 47
5.1.1有限元法的產(chǎn)生與基本思想 47
5.1.2有限元法的優(yōu)越性 49
5.1.3有限元分析系統(tǒng)的主要功能 49
5.2 減速器主要零件分析 51
5.2.1 對第一級行..