CAD設(shè)計任務(wù)的學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)實驗研究（本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計）

摘    要

學(xué)習(xí)曲線也稱為經(jīng)驗曲線，描敘的是人們反復(fù)不斷的做同一件事情，由于知識的積累，經(jīng)驗的增加，會使后面做這件事情的時間或者成本以一個固定的比率減少。學(xué)習(xí)曲線廣泛的存在于各個行業(yè)中，它作為一種可以預(yù)測的工具，有著不可低估的作用。所以學(xué)習(xí)曲線從被發(fā)現(xiàn)開始就吸引了大批學(xué)者對其進(jìn)行研究，至今已有70多年，幾乎應(yīng)用于所有的行業(yè)。但是我國關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)曲線的研究和應(yīng)用很少，主要是因為學(xué)習(xí)曲線中的知識不好量度，替代變量不易找到，也由于有些工廠或者企業(yè)沒有認(rèn)識到學(xué)習(xí)曲線的作用，沒有對一些相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計，這樣就使得研究起學(xué)習(xí)曲線來比較困難。所以在中國還沒有真正出現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)曲線的應(yīng)用。
 為了客觀地描述產(chǎn)品CAD開發(fā)過程中的反復(fù)設(shè)計使效率提高，體現(xiàn)人因與組織因素對產(chǎn)品設(shè)計開發(fā)過程的影響，本文從設(shè)計者的角度設(shè)計了一個以CAD設(shè)計模型的基礎(chǔ)實驗方案。針對這套CAD設(shè)計的模型方案，本文提出了實驗方法及研究對象并明確了研究范圍。然后以具體的變速箱傳動軸的設(shè)計為研究背景，使用一套面向CAD軸類零件的設(shè)計時間研究程序，設(shè)計了實驗設(shè)計方案，用于人在設(shè)計變速箱傳動軸過程中，學(xué)習(xí)效率對參與者設(shè)計時間的影響。
基于所提出的實驗方案，進(jìn)行了具體的實驗研究。首先對參與者數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計，并對已知數(shù)據(jù)加以分析。然后研究設(shè)計者的學(xué)習(xí)效率得出合理的學(xué)習(xí)效率公式，并以此畫出學(xué)習(xí)曲線，分析變速箱傳動軸的設(shè)計時間與設(shè)計能力和產(chǎn)品特征的影響規(guī)律，實現(xiàn)了對變速箱傳動軸的設(shè)計時間的概念模型的推導(dǎo)，并通過數(shù)學(xué)檢驗的方法證明了其有效性。最后，將實驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析總結(jié)，為下一步的研究提供重要的參考數(shù)據(jù)。

關(guān)鍵詞：學(xué)習(xí)曲線，產(chǎn)品CAD設(shè)計研究，設(shè)計時間，學(xué)習(xí)效率，變速箱傳動軸

ABSTRACT

Learning curve is also called experience curve, it indicate the displine that while people do the work repeatedly,  the time or the cost of work would decrease by a fixed ratio because of knowledge and experience accumulation. Learning curve was used widely and takes great role in many fields, therefore it can be used as a forecast tool. Many scholars have been attracted to investigate learning curve since it was discovered more than 70years ago. But there are few studies about it in China, as the difficulties on knowledge representing. and some companies haven’t realized the functions and collected the data about learning curve. Thus, there isn’t real application of learning curve in China.
In order to describe the design efficiency raising during repeatedly development of CAD products objectively , and the effects caused by human and organization factors in the product development, this paper presented a model of CAD experiment program based designer.  proposed the experimental methods and research objects and defined the scope of the study. And then taking the specific design of the drive shaft of the gearbox as research background, we used a shaft for CAD design time to study the procedures, design the experiments which could show the effects of learning efficiency on design time.
Based on the proposed experiment,we carry out a specific experimental studies. First ,we analysed the statistical data of participants. Then, formulated a reasonable formula for learning efficiency, based which, we drow the learning curve, analysed the rules of design time of gearbox and design capability of person, and constructed the conception model of gearbox design time .finally, we summarized the experiment results for further study.

Key words：Learning Curve，CAD Product Design Research, Designing Time, Learning Efficiency, Transmission Shaft Of Gear Box
 

目   錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
目錄 Ⅲ
1緒論 1
1.1 本課題提出的意義及背景 1
1.2國內(nèi)外相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3本文研究的目的和研究內(nèi)容 6
1.3.1本文研究的目的 6
1.3.2本文研究的主要內(nèi)容 6
1.4本章小結(jié) 6
 2面向產(chǎn)品設(shè)計過程中的學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)和實驗設(shè)計 7
2.1 概述 7
2.2 指標(biāo)和因素的確定與檢驗 8
2.2.1指標(biāo)和因素的確定 8
2.2.2 指標(biāo)檢驗 8
2.3 實驗設(shè)計 9
2.3.1 實驗步驟 9
2.3.2 實驗安排 10
2.3.3實驗參試者 10
2.3.4實驗任務(wù) 11
2.3.5 實驗范例 12
2.3.6試驗設(shè)備及工具 14
2.4 本章小結(jié) 15
3試驗程序開發(fā)及結(jié)果分析 16
3.1面向軸類零件的設(shè)計時間研究實驗程序 16
3.1.1開發(fā)工具 16
3.1.2需要實現(xiàn)的功能模塊 16
3.1.3程序運行流程 16
3.2結(jié)果與分析 17
3.2.1參試者設(shè)計時間統(tǒng)計與分析 17
3.2.2實驗結(jié)果分析與結(jié)論 18
3.2.3應(yīng)用 22
3.3本章小結(jié) 23
4 結(jié)論 24
參考文獻(xiàn) 25
致謝 27