中國企業(yè)對外投資研究
2.3萬字 33頁

摘要

經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的主流，迎接經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化挑戰(zhàn)，快速增強(qiáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力備受各國關(guān)注。近年來，中國一些有遠(yuǎn)見、有實(shí)力的行業(yè)龍頭企業(yè)已把眼光投向更廣闊的國際市場，開始了走出國門的嘗試，企業(yè)對外直接投資成為熱門話題。實(shí)踐迫切需要相關(guān)理論的指導(dǎo)，因此，抓緊研究和實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略，積極開拓國際市場、利用外國資源，順應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化下進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大對外開放的要求，增強(qiáng)中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的后勁與動力，成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。本文從當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化背景入手，分析了中國企業(yè)對外直接投資的必然性，闡述了中國企業(yè)對外直接投資的現(xiàn)實(shí)性，研究了中國企業(yè)進(jìn)行對外投資的可行性。我們試圖找出中國企業(yè)對外直接投資中存在問題的解決辦法，將相同發(fā)展階段中國企業(yè)而臨的問題和國際上普遍存在的問題相對比，把中國企業(yè)對外直接投資所而臨的問題分為企業(yè)對外直接投資發(fā)展階段遇到的普遍問題和中國企業(yè)而臨的特殊性問題。運(yùn)用區(qū)位選擇理論與方法，對中國企業(yè)而臨的特殊性問題從產(chǎn)生背景、環(huán)境影響和制約因素等方而進(jìn)行具體分析，找出中國企業(yè)的優(yōu)勢與劣勢，分別對中國企業(yè)對外直接投資而臨的兩大類問題提出了揚(yáng)長避短的措施建議。最后，總結(jié)企業(yè)對外直接投資措施所需環(huán)境支持，提出政府在這一過程中可采取的、具有操作性的支持性政策，指明促進(jìn)中國企業(yè)不斷國際化的政策實(shí)施方式。

關(guān)鍵詞：企業(yè)發(fā)展；對外投資；實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑



ABSTACT
Globalization is the mainstream of international economic development. Moving towards this challenge, how to improve industrial competitiveness rapidly in the world market are concerned by many countries. In recent years, with foresight and strength, some leading enterprises in China has started to look at the broader global market and tried to go abroad. Therefore enterprise directly investing abroad becomes a hot topic. However the theories urgently needed to direct the practices are lag behind. Hence studying and implementing as soon as possible the "going abroad" strategy, including how to develop international market actively, to make use of foreign resource, to comply with the requirements of the further opening under the economic globalization circumstance, and to increase the continuous strength and driving power of our national economic development, becomes the present first priority.
Starting from the background of current economic globalization, this thesis analyzed and expounded the inevitability, reality, and feasibility for our national enterprises to invest abroad directly, thus to end out the solution to the existing problems in the operation. Through comparing to those widely existing in the world at the same stage, the problems were first divided into general ones for all enterprises and specific ones only applicable to our national enterprises, and then studied respectively. For detailed analysis of the generation background，environment infuence, and constraint factors of above specific problems, the location choosing
principles and methods were applied. The advantages and disadvantages of our national enterprises were drawn out accordingly. Corresponding measures and suggestions were proposed for two major categories of problems for our national enterprises to invest abroad directly in order to exploit fully the advantages and avoid the disadvantages mentioned above. Finally, the environmental support needed by investing abroad directly was summarized. Upon which, the government- adoptable practical policies were derived. The approaches of implementing these supportive policies were also pointed out in order to promote the internationalization of our national enterprises.


Keywords: Enterprise development; Invest abroad ;Approaches



目錄
摘要 1
ABSTACT 2
一 前言 5
（一）研究背景 5
（二）研究內(nèi)容 6
二 我國企業(yè)對外投資的理論基礎(chǔ) 7
（一）西方傳統(tǒng)理論 7
1. 壟斷優(yōu)勢理論(又稱“海默一金德爾伯格傳統(tǒng)”) 7
2. 產(chǎn)品生命周期理論(Product-Cycle Hypothesis) 8
3. 內(nèi)部化理論(The Theory of Internalization ) 8
4. 比較優(yōu)勢投資理論(The Theory of Comparative Advantage to Investment) 9
（二）發(fā)展中國家理論 9
1.小規(guī)模技術(shù)理論 9
2. 技術(shù)地方化理論 10
3. 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)業(yè)升級理論 10
三 中國企業(yè)對外投資現(xiàn)狀及特點(diǎn) 11
（一）近幾年我國企業(yè)對外投資情況 11
1.從地區(qū)分布情況看 11
2.從行業(yè)分布情況看 12
（二）我國企業(yè)對外投資發(fā)展的主要特點(diǎn) 12
1.投資領(lǐng)域和形式不斷擴(kuò)展 13
2.投資戰(zhàn)略不斷豐富 14
3.境外投資主體隊(duì)伍不斷發(fā)展壯大 16
4.促進(jìn)了國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和對外關(guān)系發(fā)展 16
四 影響我國企業(yè)走出去的因素探析 18
（一）影響我國企業(yè)“走出去”的現(xiàn)實(shí)因素 18
1．企業(yè)境外投資存在不足。 18
（二）影響我國企業(yè)“走出去”的體制因素 19
1．對外投資立法不健全 19
2．管理機(jī)制不順 19
3．政策導(dǎo)向作用有待加強(qiáng) 19
4．信息服務(wù)嚴(yán)重滯后 19
5．外匯管理和銀行信貸限制過嚴(yán) 19
6． 企業(yè)微觀經(jīng)營機(jī)制存在一定的缺陷 19
（三）影響我國企業(yè)“走出去”的風(fēng)險因素 20
1.“走出去”的風(fēng)險 20
2. 障礙與壁壘 20
五 中國企業(yè)“走出去”的途徑 21
(一)先貿(mào)易后投資 21
（二)培育龍頭企業(yè)，通過“關(guān)鍵企業(yè)”的帶動作用促使企業(yè)‘走出去” 23
(三)以資本為紐帶。加快企業(yè)強(qiáng)強(qiáng)聯(lián)合，通過培育大型跨國股份制企業(yè)或企業(yè)集團(tuán)推動企業(yè)集團(tuán)化“走出去” 24
(四)與國外跨國公司或東道國企業(yè)形成戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟“走出去” 25
(五)企業(yè)與高等院校、科研機(jī)構(gòu)聯(lián)姻“走出去” 26
(六)促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)資本與銀行資本結(jié)合，形成金融財團(tuán)聯(lián)合“走出去” 27
六 結(jié)論 28
參考文獻(xiàn)： 29


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