集裝箱用物流起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)

摘　　要
隨著世界物流業(yè)的高速發(fā)展，集裝箱越來越受到物流行業(yè)的重視，成為了各國必不可少的物流設(shè)備之一。然而集裝箱體積龐大，質(zhì)量過重，要起升或搬運(yùn)集裝箱都必須有專業(yè)大型設(shè)備來支持。但是對于一些特殊場合（如機(jī)艙、船艙等），由于空間等因素的受限，致使集裝箱搬運(yùn)進(jìn)入機(jī)艙成為一大難題。除此之外，集裝箱運(yùn)輸同時(shí)又是一種資本高度密集的行業(yè)。專用的集裝箱泊位碼頭設(shè)施包括有前沿、貨場、維修車間、控制塔、貨運(yùn)站、門房，以及集裝箱裝卸機(jī)械等，耗資非常巨大[1]。這成為集裝箱起升及搬運(yùn)的又一大難題。
小型的集裝箱用物流起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備因體積小，行動靈活方便，設(shè)計(jì)、制造以及維護(hù)成本較低，可以大大方便集裝箱在特殊場合的起升及搬運(yùn)，大大減小某些時(shí)候的集裝箱運(yùn)輸成本，所以，小型集裝箱用物流起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)，是解決當(dāng)今集裝箱運(yùn)輸存在的某些問題的有效途徑之一。
本文簡要介紹了各類集裝箱用起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)和特點(diǎn)以及集裝箱運(yùn)輸業(yè)的發(fā)展概況，并對集裝箱用起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了簡要說明。本文以某小型集裝箱用起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備為研究對象，重點(diǎn)介紹了該設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)以及運(yùn)作原理。
該設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)主要包括連接機(jī)構(gòu)、驅(qū)動機(jī)構(gòu)以及行走機(jī)構(gòu)。通過對這些機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)校核該，可以得出一套結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，經(jīng)濟(jì)適用的集裝箱用物流起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備，以有效解決集裝箱運(yùn)輸不便和成本高等某些難題。

 
Structure design of transport and jack up unit for container
Abstract
With the high-speed development of the logistics industry, container more and more get the attention of the logistics industry, become an indispensable logistic equipment of one of all countries. However, container is very huge and heavy, to lifting or handling containers must be professional large equipment to support. But for some special cases (Such as the cabin), Because of the space of the factors such as limited, the container handling into the engine room be a big problem. In addition to this, container transportation is a capital intensive industry at the same time. Dedicated container facilities include goods yard, maintenance shop, freight station, container loading and unloading equipment and so on, cost tremendous. It makes container lifting and handling become a big problem, too.
Because of the small size of the small container lifting and with handling equipment, and it is convenient movement, design, manufacturing and maintenance cost is low, Can greatly facilitate container on special occasions of hoisting and handling, reduce some of the container transportation cost when, so with small container logistics lifting and handling equipment design, absolution to today's container transportation to some of the problems that exist one of the effective ways.
This paper briefly introduced the use of all kinds of container lifting and handling equipment structure and characteristics and the development situation of the container transportation industry, and with the lifting of container handling equipment and the main points of design is also expounded. In this paper with a small container lifting and handling equipment for research object, the equipment is mainly introduced the structure characteristic and operation principle.
This equipment mainly includes: bindiny mechanism, driving mechanism and travelling mechanism. Through the design of the mechanism to check this, can come to a compact structure, economy applicable container lifting with logistics and transportation equipment, in order to solve problems container transportation cost and inconvenience caused higher some.
 
目　　錄
摘　　要 1
Abstract 2
引    言 1
1緒論 2
1.1集裝箱起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)背景 2
1.2大型集裝箱搬運(yùn)設(shè)備裝卸常見事故 2
1.2.1貨物重心偏離，箱體向叉車一側(cè)傾倒 2
1.2.2箱內(nèi)貨物重心偏離，箱體從吊上墜落 3
1.2.3集裝箱從龍門吊上墜落，造成貨損 3
1.2.4吊車臂撞擊橋梁車毀橋損 3
1.3集裝箱搬運(yùn)設(shè)備發(fā)展概況 3
1.3.1國外集裝箱搬運(yùn)設(shè)備發(fā)展概況 3
1.3.2國內(nèi)集裝箱搬運(yùn)設(shè)備發(fā)展概況 5
1.4常見的集裝箱起升與搬運(yùn)設(shè)備 6
1.4.1岸邊集裝箱起重機(jī)（簡稱岸橋或橋吊） 6
1.4.2集裝箱龍門起重機(jī)（簡稱場橋） 6
1.4.3集裝箱跨運(yùn)車 8
1.4.4集裝箱叉車 8
1.4.5集裝箱牽引車 9
章末小結(jié) 10
2集裝箱用物流起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備的整體方案設(shè)計(jì) 11
2.1整體設(shè)計(jì) 11
2.2集裝箱用起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備的工作原理 11
2.3設(shè)備驅(qū)動方案選擇 12
2.3.1方案一  使用液壓桿帶動設(shè)備起升或下降 12
2.3.2方案二  使用絲杠副帶動設(shè)備起升或下降 13
2.4設(shè)備升降方案設(shè)計(jì) 13
2.5設(shè)備行走方案設(shè)計(jì) 15
2.6設(shè)備連接方案設(shè)計(jì) 16
本章小結(jié) 18
3 集裝箱用物流起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備零部件校核 19
3.1連接機(jī)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)校核 20
3.1.1連接機(jī)構(gòu)銷的選擇 20
3.1.2鎖片數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)計(jì) 22
3.1.3與立柱連接的套筒數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)計(jì) 23
3.1.4連接機(jī)構(gòu)上部夾板結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)計(jì) 25
3.1.5連接機(jī)構(gòu)其他結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)計(jì) 26
3.2驅(qū)動機(jī)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)校核 26
3.2.1立柱數(shù)據(jù)校核 27
3.2.2絲杠設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)校核 30
3.2.3四邊形框架數(shù)據(jù)校核 33
3.2.4立板數(shù)據(jù)校核 36
3.3行走機(jī)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)校核 38
3.3.1萬向輪結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及數(shù)據(jù)校核 38
3.3.2軸承選擇及校核 40
章末小結(jié) 42
4 集裝箱用物流起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備內(nèi)部連接部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)校核 43
4.1立柱與搖桿連接設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)校核 43
4.2滾珠絲杠與立柱連接設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)校核 44
4.3滾珠絲杠與立板連接設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)校核 45
4.4立板與腳輪連接設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)校核 46
章末小結(jié) 47
5 集裝箱用物流起升及搬運(yùn)設(shè)備的安裝、維護(hù)與運(yùn)行 48
結(jié)　　論 49
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 50
附 錄 52
附錄一： 52
附錄二： 59
在 學(xué) 取 得 成 果 63
致　　謝 64