摘 要

雷達(dá)利用電磁波來探測目標(biāo)，而雷達(dá)偵察系統(tǒng)通過截獲敵方雷達(dá)所發(fā)射的信號，對其進(jìn)行分析和處理來向雷達(dá)干擾設(shè)備系統(tǒng)情報信息。
無線通信系統(tǒng)具有多徑衰落的現(xiàn)象，這會使信道的穩(wěn)定性變差，如果采用MIMO技術(shù)，在無線通信系統(tǒng)的兩端分別采用多個天線同時發(fā)送和接收信號，就能夠克服多徑衰落，進(jìn)而改變無線通信的質(zhì)量。MIMO雷達(dá)是MIMO技術(shù)在雷達(dá)領(lǐng)域中的推廣，具有優(yōu)異的性能，通過分集技術(shù)在低截獲概率、目標(biāo)參數(shù)估計、發(fā)射波束設(shè)計、雜波抑制、目標(biāo)成像等領(lǐng)域的性能要優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)雷達(dá)。另一方面，MIMO雷達(dá)也給未來電子戰(zhàn)提出了新的挑戰(zhàn)，為了適應(yīng)未來電子戰(zhàn)的發(fā)展，需要研制新型的雷達(dá)偵察設(shè)備。
本文介紹了目前MIMO雷達(dá)的分類，分析了MIMO雷達(dá)的基本原理和信號處理流程，對MIMO雷達(dá)的方向圖作了仿真，介紹了MIMO雷達(dá)所采用的正交信號模型，重點分析了正交線性調(diào)頻矩形脈沖的設(shè)計，對所設(shè)計的信號作了多種情況的仿真，還對MIMO雷達(dá)的性能作了分析。
文中研究了對MIMO雷達(dá)進(jìn)行偵察的設(shè)備，介紹了傳統(tǒng)雷達(dá)偵察接收機(jī)的體制及特點，即超外差接收機(jī)、瞬時測頻接收機(jī)、信道化接收機(jī)和數(shù)字接收機(jī)，分析了這些傳統(tǒng)接收機(jī)對MIMO雷達(dá)適用性，文中根據(jù)MIMO雷達(dá)的特點提出了混合式雷達(dá)偵察接收機(jī)，分析了其基本組成和特點，然后，討論了對MIMO雷達(dá)應(yīng)當(dāng)采取的偵察策略。
為了驗證MIMO雷達(dá)的存在，本文對MIMO雷達(dá)的信號識別作了研究，分析了常規(guī)的雷達(dá)信號分選方法，探討了常規(guī)信號分選方法對MIMO雷達(dá)信號的適用性，由于MIMO雷達(dá)同時發(fā)射多個相互正交的信號，因此接收機(jī)偵收到的信號是同時到達(dá)的混合信號，因此本文采用了奇異值分解和盲信號處理的方法，它能夠?qū)IMO雷達(dá)信號進(jìn)行有效的偵察識別，文中設(shè)計了對信號偵察識別的仿真界面，通過MATLAB的仿真驗證了算法的有效性，根據(jù)信號之間的相關(guān)性判斷了MIMO雷達(dá)的存在。

關(guān)鍵詞　MIMO雷達(dá)　偵察　識別　信號分選　相關(guān)性
















































Abstract
Radar detects object using electromagnetic wave. Radar reconnaissance system intercepts signals from enemy radar and analyzes and processes it, then provides information for radar interfering equipment.
Wireless communication system has the phenomenon of multipath fading. It weakens stability of channel. If adopting MIMO techniques, wireless communication system send and receive simultaneously using many antennas, then can overcome multipath fading and improve communication quality. As a promotion of MIMO techniques in the field of radar, MIMO radar has excellent performance. Diversity enables the MIMO radar much more superior than standard radar in several aspects, including: LPI, parameter estimation, transmit beampattern design, clutter suppression and target imaging. On the other hand, MIMO radar brings new challenge to EW in the future. In order to adapt development of EW (Electronic Warfare), we need start to study the new radar reconnaissance equipment.
This article introduces the types of MIMO radar, analyzes the principles and signal processing of MIMO radar, and simulates the beampattern of MIMO radar. The orthogonal signal models that MIMO radar adopts are introduced. OFDM LFM signal is emphasized and simulated in many cases. And performance of MIMO radar is analyzed.
The equipment for reconnoitering MIMO radar is studied. This article introduces systems and characteristics of traditional reconnaissance equipment for radar, including: super heterodyne receivers, instantaneous frequency measurement receivers, channelized receivers and digital receivers. Based on analysis on adaptability of traditional receivers, the article brings forward the hybrid receivers and analyzes its basic units and characteristic. Then strategy of reconnoitering MIMO radar is presented in the paper.
For verifying the existence of MIMO radar, this paper studies how to identify the signals of MIMO radar, traditional methods of signal sorting and its adaptability for MIMO radar signals. Because MIMO radar can transmit multiple probing signals synchronously, the receivers receives the signal that is mixed. So the method of decomposing singular values and blind signal processing which can identify the signals of MIMO radar is adopted. The interface of simulation is designed and the arithmetic is verified effective by MATLAB. The existence of MIMO radar can be estimated by pertinence among signals.

Keywords MIMO Radar reconnaissance Identification Signal Sorting Correlation











































目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 緒論 1
1.1　研究背景及意義 1
1.2　MIMO雷達(dá)的研究分類 4
1.3　MIMO雷達(dá)的研究動態(tài) 5
1.4　論文結(jié)構(gòu)及安排 7
第2章　MIMO雷達(dá)基本原理及信號處理 9
2.1　MIMO雷達(dá)的基本原理 9
2.2 匹配濾波器 11
2.3 數(shù)字多波束形成 13
2.4　MIMO雷達(dá)的信號模型 16
2.4.1 OFDM LFM信號 16
2.4.2 正交多相編碼信號 24
2.4.3 正交離散頻率編碼信號 25
2.5 MIMO雷達(dá)的性能分析 26
2.6 本章小結(jié) 27
第3章　對MIMO雷達(dá)偵察設(shè)備的研究 29
3.1 雷達(dá)偵察的主要任務(wù) 29
3.2 雷達(dá)偵察面臨的信..