摘要
自20世紀(jì)70年代以來，通過對(duì)交流調(diào)速控制技術(shù)的不斷深入研究與完善，異步電機(jī)的交流調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)正逐步取代傳統(tǒng)的直流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)，特別是矢量控制變頻調(diào)速控制技術(shù)更是具有不可比擬的使用價(jià)值，并且交流調(diào)速技術(shù)可以帶來可觀的，對(duì)推進(jìn)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)起著舉足輕重的作用。
本課題深入研究矢量控制、SVPWM調(diào)制方式及其DSP實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。在現(xiàn)有的交流變頻調(diào)速的基礎(chǔ)上展開拓展，從硬件上入手，對(duì)現(xiàn)有的交流變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的控制部分做出一些改進(jìn)，加入CPLD，采用矢量控制原理，并對(duì)變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行SIMULINK的軟件仿真，驗(yàn)證系統(tǒng)的可行性與優(yōu)越性。
本系統(tǒng)采用DSPTMS320LF2407A為控制核心來完成算法，監(jiān)控整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，確保系統(tǒng)的安全運(yùn)行，系統(tǒng)采用矢量控制原理，而CPLD則針對(duì)目前存在一般變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)所存在的SVPWM波的死區(qū)時(shí)間問題來進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的改善，將最小脈沖寬度做了限制，保證逆變輸出環(huán)節(jié)同向上下橋臂不會(huì)同時(shí)通斷，對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行保護(hù)，嘗試從硬件上解決在算法上不易實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)脈沖寬度控制的問題，大大的提高了系統(tǒng)的效率和可靠性。同時(shí)CPLD還用來控制DSP與外部設(shè)備的時(shí)序及控制邏輯,將不同芯片的地址總線，數(shù)據(jù)總線、片選、使能、讀寫引腳直接接至CPLD管腳上通過CPLD編程即可方便的實(shí)現(xiàn)器件之間的通訊，大大的提高了系統(tǒng)的效率和可靠性。
基于實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果可以證明本文提出的基于DSP的優(yōu)化交流變頻調(diào)速器的軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)是成功的，其結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，性能良好，運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定，抗干擾能力強(qiáng)，具有一定的先進(jìn)型、新穎性、實(shí)用性，為今后開發(fā)高性能的矢量控制系統(tǒng)做出一定貢獻(xiàn)。
關(guān)鍵詞 ：異步電機(jī)；變頻調(diào)速；DSP；SVPWM；CPLD





Abstract
Since the nineteen seventies, through the technology of AC speed control further study and improve, asynchronous motor AC speed control system is gradually replacing the traditional DC speed regulating system, in particular the vector control variable frequency speed control technology is incomparable value. and the technology of AC speed regulation can bring considerable, to advance the growth of the national economy play a decisive role.
This topic in depth study of SVPWM modulation and its implementation in DSP. From the hardware proceed with, the existing variable frequency speed regulation system was improved, join CPLD, the vector control principle, and the integrity of the variable frequency speed regulation system for SIMULINK software simulation, verified the feasibility and superiority of the system.
The system uses DSPTMS320LF2407A as the control core to complete the algorithm, monitoring the working state of the whole system, ensure the safe operation of the system, the system uses the vector control principle, and the CPLD is at present general variable frequency speed regulation system the SVPWM wave of the dead time to the improvement of the system, the minimum pulse width have been restricted, to ensure inverter output link to upper and lower bridge arms not simultaneously on-off, system protection, try from the hardware address in the algorithm is not easy to realize pulse width control problems, greatly improve the system efficiency and reliability. At the same time, CPLD is also used to control the DSP and the external equipment timing and control logic, different chip address bus, data bus, a chip select, enable, read and write pin is directly connected to the CPLD pin through the CPLD programming can be convenient to realize the communication between devices, greatly improve the system efficiency and reliability.
Experiments show that the proposed DSP based optimization of AC frequency conversion speed regulator of the hardware and software design is successful, and has the advantages of simple structure, good performance, stable operation, strong anti-interference ability, has certain advanced type, novelty, practicality, for the future development of the high performance vector control system to make some contribution.
Key words ：induction motor; frequency control; DSP; SVPWM; CPLD



目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
第1章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景和意義 1
1.2變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)的發(fā)展 3
1.3 研究的內(nèi)容 4
第2章 異步電機(jī)變頻調(diào)速矢量控制的基本原理 6
2.1 變頻調(diào)速的基本原理 6
2.1.1 異步電機(jī)的調(diào)速方法 6
2.1.2 變頻調(diào)速的控制方法 7
2.1.3 變頻設(shè)備的分類 8
2.2 坐標(biāo)變換 10
2.2.1 3s/2s變換(Clarke變換) 10
2.2.2 2s/2r變換（Park變換） 11
2.3 三相異步電機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)建模 12
2.3.1兩相同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)建模 12
2.3.2 異步電動(dòng)機(jī)在兩相靜止坐標(biāo)系上的數(shù)學(xué)模型 13
2.3.3 三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)在兩相坐標(biāo)系下的狀態(tài)方程 13
2.4 矢量控制基本原理 15
2.5 PWM技術(shù) 18
2.5.1 SPWM 18
2.5.2 SVPWM 19
2.5.3 SPWM與SVPWM相結(jié)合算法 23
2.5.4 Matlab仿真SVPWM輸出波形 27
2.5.5電流轉(zhuǎn)速轉(zhuǎn)矩仿真結(jié)果 31
2.6本章小節(jié) 34
第3章 控制系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 35
3.1 控制電路的設(shè)計(jì) 35
3.1.1 數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器（DSP） 35
3.1.2 CPLD邏輯功能 42
3.2 其他外圍電路 46
3.2.1 存儲(chǔ)器擴(kuò)展 46
3.2.2 電源設(shè)計(jì) 48
3.2.3 通訊模塊 49
3.2.4鍵盤輸入接口電路和LED顯示電路設(shè)計(jì) 50
3.2.5 EEPROM 51
3.2.6 看門狗電路 52
3.3本章小節(jié) 52
第4章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 54
4.1 DSP和CPLD的開發(fā)流程及環(huán)境 54
4.2 系統(tǒng)主程序 56
4.3 子模塊程序設(shè)計(jì) 58
4.3.1 定時(shí)器中斷程序 58
4.3.2 故障保護(hù)中斷程序 58
4.3.3 鍵盤掃描程序..