摘 要
風(fēng)力發(fā)電是世界上發(fā)展最快的綠色能源技術(shù)，也是我國能源發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的重點(diǎn)。海上風(fēng)能具有資源豐富、風(fēng)速大、風(fēng)向穩(wěn)定、不占用土地資源、環(huán)境影響小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，且海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)距離需大量消耗電能的沿海工業(yè)城市很近，是一種已經(jīng)具備大規(guī)模工業(yè)開發(fā)條件的綠色能源。目前歐美海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)已處于大規(guī)模開發(fā)前夕，歐洲國家率先興建了大型海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)。
風(fēng)電機(jī)組的安裝是海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)建設(shè)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。如何打造一個(gè)能夠在海洋環(huán)境中風(fēng)浪流共同作用下高效、安全地完成風(fēng)機(jī)吊裝作業(yè)的海上工作平臺(tái)，是各國海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)建設(shè)的重要課題。自航自升式海上風(fēng)機(jī)吊裝作業(yè)船是海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)建設(shè)的第三代吊裝平臺(tái)，具備自航、自升、運(yùn)輸、起重等復(fù)合功能，工作效率高，綜合效益也高，將成為海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)建設(shè)主流裝備。這種新型船舶具有升降樁腿、大起重量的吊機(jī)、較大的甲板荷載，長(zhǎng)深比和寬深比均已超出現(xiàn)行規(guī)范要求，目前國內(nèi)尚無專門規(guī)范可用于直接指導(dǎo)該船型的設(shè)計(jì)，故對(duì)其進(jìn)行全船有限元分析工作具有必要性。
本文首先開展了對(duì)國內(nèi)外海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)發(fā)展情況、海上風(fēng)電機(jī)組安裝技術(shù)的演變、海上風(fēng)機(jī)吊裝作業(yè)船及運(yùn)輸?shù)跹b方式發(fā)展情況的研究，運(yùn)用UG軟件對(duì)風(fēng)機(jī)船的兩種起吊方式進(jìn)行動(dòng)畫仿真模擬；并在本船設(shè)計(jì)方案的基礎(chǔ)上開展了該船型的結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)范設(shè)計(jì)和全船有限元分析工作。
該船船體結(jié)構(gòu)主要按CCS《鋼質(zhì)海船船舶入級(jí)與建造規(guī)范》，并部分參照《鋼質(zhì)內(nèi)河船舶建造規(guī)范》進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)范設(shè)計(jì)；結(jié)合該船的布置情況、線型特征和結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，完成了全船有限元模型的建立工作；通過該船的運(yùn)輸、安裝等不同作業(yè)狀況的分析，確定了十種計(jì)算工況，分析并計(jì)算了該船在航行、起吊等多種狀態(tài)下所受的各種載荷；通過對(duì)該船在典型工況下的應(yīng)力進(jìn)行計(jì)算和分析，得到了全船詳細(xì)應(yīng)力分布、變形情況和本船應(yīng)力最危險(xiǎn)的工況與狀態(tài)，以及本船在樁腿、吊機(jī)基座處等重要位置和主要結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力情況。在此基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)船體結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行評(píng)估，根據(jù)評(píng)估對(duì)高應(yīng)力區(qū)域船體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)，降低了全船最大應(yīng)力值。本文所獲得的一些結(jié)論，對(duì)該船型的設(shè)計(jì)具有一定的參考價(jià)值，以期對(duì)今后國內(nèi)該船型的后續(xù)研究能有一些參考作用。

關(guān)鍵詞：海上風(fēng)電；海上風(fēng)機(jī)吊裝作業(yè)船；結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)；有限元分析；


Abstract
Wind power is the world's fastest-growing green energy technology, and also the focus of China's energy development strategy. Gaining the advantages of abundant resources, high wind speed, stability of wind direction, not occupation of land resources, less environmental impact, etc., and the offshore wind farms being very close to the coastal industrial cities which need to consume a lot of energy, offshore wind energy is a green energy which has conditions to start large-scale industrial development. And it is the first time European countries have built a large-scale offshore wind farm.
Installation of wind turbine is an important part in offshore wind farm construction. How to build a working platform to complete lifting operations of offshore wind turbine efficiently and safely in the marine environment is an important issue to all countries among construction of offshore wind farms. Self-propelled and self-lifting vessel of offshore wind turbine is the third generation of lifting platform in offshore wind farm’s construction which enjoys combined functions of self-propelled, self-rise, transportation, lifting and so on, high efficiency, high overall efficiency and it will be main equipment in offshore wind farm construction.The new ship has a self-elevating leg, a lifting device, a large crane of the weight and a larger deck loads, L/D and B/D have been beyond the current regulatory requirements. Currently there is no special specification that can be used to directly guide the ship's design. Therefore, it is of great necessity to do the finite element analysis of the whole ship . I began my paper with research in national and international development of offshore wind farm, the evolution of technology of offshore wind turbine installation and the development of offshore wind turbine lifting ships and methods of transport of lifting. I have made use of UG software to animatedly simulate the two ways fan ships lift. What’s more,I have done the finite element analysis of structural specifications of design of the whole ship on the basis of the ship design. The body of this ship being structured by standard design specifications of CCS, I completed the establishment of finite element model, determined ten calculations after analyzing different operating conditions of transportation and installation, analyzed and calculated kinds of loads, got stress distribution, deformation and stress capacity when sufferring a variety of loads. On this basis, I assessed the strength of ship structure, improved high stress areas and reduced the maximum stress value of the whole ship. Some of my conclusions can help the design of the ship as well as future domestic follow-up study of the ship.
Key words: offshore wind power generation; offshore wind turbine installation vessel; structure design; finite element analysis；


目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 錄 III
Contents VII
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1 引 言 1
1.1.1 國外海上風(fēng)電發(fā)展概況 1
1.1.2 國內(nèi)海上風(fēng)電發(fā)展概況 2
1.2 海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的構(gòu)成 2
1.2.1 風(fēng)電機(jī)組的構(gòu)成 2
1.2.2 風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組的開發(fā) 5
1.2.3 風(fēng)電場(chǎng)工作原理 5
1...