An Analysis of Shakespeare’s Tragedy World

Abstract
 
Shakespeare（1564-1616）lived in the transition period from feudal society to capitalistic society. The greatest of all English authors, William Shakespeare belongs to one of those rare geniuses of mankind who have become landmarks in the history of world culture. Meanwhile the works of William Shakespeare are a great landmark in the history of world literature. Tragedies, especially the four great tragedies, stand for his greatest contribution.  
In Hamlet, the hero is rational and his plan is in-depth, but he always can’t put his ideas into actions. In Othello, the hero Othello is a brave hero. He loves and is loved. He always trusts others. From the characters in King Lear, we can see the depth and width of life the work reflects. King Lear’s tragedy goes through the whole work. Macbeth is the finally completed and the shortest of the four. It is famous for its quick development. 
Every role and every story in Shakespeare’s tragedy world based on the four great tragedies make our heart and soul moving. Through analyzing the characters of the four great tragedies, this article tells people how to choose the right destination when they are facing sufferings and ridicule of life. And from them we can find the right way to live and act.
Key Words
Shakespeare; tragedy; disposition flaw; guilt; ambition
 

摘　要
莎士比亞（1564-1616）生活在封建社會(huì)和資本主義社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)折時(shí)期。在所有的英國(guó)作家中，莎士比亞在世界文學(xué)史上是極少數(shù)里程碑式人物之一。同樣其作品也是一個(gè)里程碑。從藝術(shù)上講，莎士比亞的悲劇是莎劇中成就最高的，而其中又以四大悲劇為代表。
在《哈姆雷特》這悲劇中主人公是理智的，計(jì)劃周到的，但卻總難付諸行動(dòng)。在《奧賽羅》里，主人公奧賽羅是性格剛勇的好漢，他愛(ài)著也被愛(ài)著?！独顮柾酢芬粍〉娜宋镄蜗罂梢钥闯鲎髌贩从车臅r(shí)代生活廣度和深度，李爾王的悲劇命運(yùn)貫穿全劇的中心?！尔溈税住肥撬拇蟊瘎≈凶詈笸瓿傻?，也是悲劇中最短的一個(gè)。它以戲劇情節(jié)發(fā)展的快速而聞名。
莎士比亞的以四大悲劇為代表的悲劇世界，其中各個(gè)角色，各個(gè)場(chǎng)景都深深震撼我們的心靈，本文通過(guò)四大悲劇主人公性格分析，指出了面對(duì)生活的苦難和人生的荒謬，人們應(yīng)如何做出選擇。我們從中一定會(huì)找到行事的方針和生活的智慧。
關(guān)鍵詞
莎士比亞；悲??；性格缺陷；罪惡；欲望