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論產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任,24頁 1.75萬字 摘 要產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任是產品相關責任制度中比較容易混淆的一對概念,我國相關法律并沒有對他們作出嚴格的界定。產品瑕疵是指產品不符合合同約定的標準,在質量、性能、用途和有效期限等方面存在不合格的狀況。產品缺陷是指產品存在危及人身、財產安全的不合理的危險。相應地,產...
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論產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任
24頁 1.75萬字
摘 要
產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任是產品相關責任制度中比較容易混淆的一對概念,我國相關法律并沒有對他們作出嚴格的界定。產品瑕疵是指產品不符合合同約定的標準,在質量、性能、用途和有效期限等方面存在不合格的狀況。產品缺陷是指產品存在危及人身、財產安全的不合理的危險。相應地,產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任就是指在產品存在瑕疵時和產品存在缺陷時所產生的民事法律責任。本文的重點是產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任之間的關系。產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷之間有聯系,也存在區(qū)別。產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任主要體現在:判斷標準不同、責任主體不同、責任性質不同、免責條件不同以及責任承擔方式不同。此外,本文還重點研究了產品瑕疵責任的歸責原則和產品缺陷責任的歸責原則,本文的觀點是產品瑕疵責任的歸責原則是無過錯責任原則,而產品缺陷責任的歸責原則分不同的情況分別為嚴格責任和過錯責任。
在此基礎上,本文對一個“高壓鍋爆炸案”展開了詳細的分析。產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任的歸責原則也不同,這主要是出于立法者對不同利益的平衡。本文認為,我國產品瑕疵責任體系臻于完善,但是產品缺陷責任體系還需要進一步改進。
關鍵詞:產品瑕疵責任 產品缺陷責任 區(qū)別
THE RESEARCH ON LIABILITY FOR WARRANTY AGAINST DEFECTS AND PRODUCT DEFECT LIABILITY
ABSTRACT
Liability for warranty against defects and product defect liability are easy to be confused, and the laws do dot make any definition about them. In liability for warranty against defects, the term defects refers to the status that the products do not fit in with the criterion the contract provides. But in product defect liablity the term defect refers to the products contain unreasonable dangers which could damage the users’ properties or bodies. Correspondingly, the two liablities belong to the civil liablities caused by the products which is in some status mentioned above. There are some relationships between liability for warranty against defects and product defect liablity, but there are many differences between the two, which need to be differentiated well. The difference s of the two liabilities lie in the criterion, the liablity taker, the quality, the liablity-taking-off cindition and the manner of liability assuming.
On the basis of the research above, this paper adopted a case in which a pressure cooker exploded and the issue of the two liabilities arose. The principles of the liablity undertaking are also different in liability for warranty against defect and product defect liability, for the legislator may use different principles to balance the intrests of every parties. The legal system of liability for warranty against defects functions well in China, but the legal system of product defect liability is far from perfection and need to be improved.
Key Words: Liability for warranty against defects,Product defect liability,Difference
目 錄
摘要………………………………………………………………III
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………...IV
引言………………………………………………………………..1
一、產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任概述………………………..2
(一)產品瑕疵責任概述………………………………………………2
1.產品瑕疵概念………………………………………………………………………2
2.產品瑕疵責任概念…………………………………………………………………3
(二)產品缺陷責任概述……………………………………………..3
1.產品缺陷概念………………………………………………………………………3
2.產品缺陷責任概念…………………………………………………………………4
二、產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任的關系分析………………….5
(一)產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任的聯系…………………………5
1.兩者都是和產品有關的責任……………………………………………………..5
2.兩者都是民事責任………………………………………………………………..5
(二)產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任的區(qū)別…………………………5
1.判斷標準不同………………………………………………………………………5
2.責任主體不同……………………………………………………………………..6
3.責任性質不同………………………………………………………………………6
4.免責條件不同………………………………………………………………………6
5.責任承擔方式不同…………………………………………………………………6
(三)產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任關系的案例分析………………7
1.案情介紹……………………………………………………………………………7
2.案情分析及該案例的意義…………………………………………………………7
四、我國產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任歸責原則………………10
(一)我國產品瑕疵責任的歸責原則…………………………………10
1.確定產品瑕疵責任歸責原則的法律依據……………………………………….10
2.確定產品瑕疵責任歸責原則應為雙重歸責原則……………………………….11
(二)我國產品缺陷責任的歸責原則………………………………..11
1.確定產品缺陷責任歸責原則的法律依據……………………………………….11
2.確定產品缺陷責任歸責原則應為雙重歸責原則……………………………….12
五、對完善我國產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任制度的思考……13
(一)對完善我國產品瑕疵責任的思考………………………………13
1.產品瑕疵責任制度存在的問題………………………………………………….13
2.完善我國產品瑕疵責任制度的思考…………………………………………….14
(二)對完善我國產品缺陷責任的思考…………………………….14
1.擴大產品的范圍………………………………………………………………….14
2.擴展產品責任的責任主體……………………………………………………….15
3.完善抗辯事由…………………………………………………………………….15
4.應該明確精神損害賠償………………………………………………………….15
5.規(guī)范間接損失的賠償范圍……………………………………………………….15
結論……………………………………………………………….17
參考文獻………………………………………………………….18
致謝……………………………………………………………….19
參考文獻
[1]周枏.羅馬法原論(下)[M].北京:商務印書館,2002.
[2]張新寶.買賣合同與贈與合同[M].法律出版社,1999.
[3] 王利明.民法•侵權行為法[M].中國人民大學出版社,1993.
[4] 劉靜著.產品責任論[M].中國政法大學出版社,2000.
[5] 劉文琦著.產品責任法律制度比較研究[M].法律出版社,1997.
[6] 王澤鑒著.商品制造人責任與消費者保護[M].臺灣正中書局,1979.
[1] [日]植木哲.產品責任[J].謝志宇譯.法學譯叢,1992,(6).
[2] [日] 藤家晴生.關于產品責任立法化的考察[J].鮑榮振澤,法學譯叢,1992,(5).
[3] 莊紅蕾.產品質量相關法律問題探析[J].行政與法,2006,(1).
[4] 屈慶昌.歉意產品責任之產品缺陷[J].市場周刊,2006,(3).
[5] 江偉.商品瑕疵,損失兩萬[J].商品與質量,2005,(27).
[6] 王福友.論產品質量法上的瑕疵給付責任[J].學術交流,2006,(6).
[7] 王玉梅.論產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任[J].財經界,2002,(12).
[8] 胡建梅.對產品責任、產品質量責任的比較[J].商場現代化,2007.
[9] 郭洪波.完善產品責任法的建議[J].當代法學,2001,(6).
24頁 1.75萬字
摘 要
產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任是產品相關責任制度中比較容易混淆的一對概念,我國相關法律并沒有對他們作出嚴格的界定。產品瑕疵是指產品不符合合同約定的標準,在質量、性能、用途和有效期限等方面存在不合格的狀況。產品缺陷是指產品存在危及人身、財產安全的不合理的危險。相應地,產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任就是指在產品存在瑕疵時和產品存在缺陷時所產生的民事法律責任。本文的重點是產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任之間的關系。產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷之間有聯系,也存在區(qū)別。產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任主要體現在:判斷標準不同、責任主體不同、責任性質不同、免責條件不同以及責任承擔方式不同。此外,本文還重點研究了產品瑕疵責任的歸責原則和產品缺陷責任的歸責原則,本文的觀點是產品瑕疵責任的歸責原則是無過錯責任原則,而產品缺陷責任的歸責原則分不同的情況分別為嚴格責任和過錯責任。
在此基礎上,本文對一個“高壓鍋爆炸案”展開了詳細的分析。產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任的歸責原則也不同,這主要是出于立法者對不同利益的平衡。本文認為,我國產品瑕疵責任體系臻于完善,但是產品缺陷責任體系還需要進一步改進。
關鍵詞:產品瑕疵責任 產品缺陷責任 區(qū)別
THE RESEARCH ON LIABILITY FOR WARRANTY AGAINST DEFECTS AND PRODUCT DEFECT LIABILITY
ABSTRACT
Liability for warranty against defects and product defect liability are easy to be confused, and the laws do dot make any definition about them. In liability for warranty against defects, the term defects refers to the status that the products do not fit in with the criterion the contract provides. But in product defect liablity the term defect refers to the products contain unreasonable dangers which could damage the users’ properties or bodies. Correspondingly, the two liablities belong to the civil liablities caused by the products which is in some status mentioned above. There are some relationships between liability for warranty against defects and product defect liablity, but there are many differences between the two, which need to be differentiated well. The difference s of the two liabilities lie in the criterion, the liablity taker, the quality, the liablity-taking-off cindition and the manner of liability assuming.
On the basis of the research above, this paper adopted a case in which a pressure cooker exploded and the issue of the two liabilities arose. The principles of the liablity undertaking are also different in liability for warranty against defect and product defect liability, for the legislator may use different principles to balance the intrests of every parties. The legal system of liability for warranty against defects functions well in China, but the legal system of product defect liability is far from perfection and need to be improved.
Key Words: Liability for warranty against defects,Product defect liability,Difference
目 錄
摘要………………………………………………………………III
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………...IV
引言………………………………………………………………..1
一、產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任概述………………………..2
(一)產品瑕疵責任概述………………………………………………2
1.產品瑕疵概念………………………………………………………………………2
2.產品瑕疵責任概念…………………………………………………………………3
(二)產品缺陷責任概述……………………………………………..3
1.產品缺陷概念………………………………………………………………………3
2.產品缺陷責任概念…………………………………………………………………4
二、產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任的關系分析………………….5
(一)產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任的聯系…………………………5
1.兩者都是和產品有關的責任……………………………………………………..5
2.兩者都是民事責任………………………………………………………………..5
(二)產品瑕疵責任和產品缺陷責任的區(qū)別…………………………5
1.判斷標準不同………………………………………………………………………5
2.責任主體不同……………………………………………………………………..6
3.責任性質不同………………………………………………………………………6
4.免責條件不同………………………………………………………………………6
5.責任承擔方式不同…………………………………………………………………6
(三)產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任關系的案例分析………………7
1.案情介紹……………………………………………………………………………7
2.案情分析及該案例的意義…………………………………………………………7
四、我國產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任歸責原則………………10
(一)我國產品瑕疵責任的歸責原則…………………………………10
1.確定產品瑕疵責任歸責原則的法律依據……………………………………….10
2.確定產品瑕疵責任歸責原則應為雙重歸責原則……………………………….11
(二)我國產品缺陷責任的歸責原則………………………………..11
1.確定產品缺陷責任歸責原則的法律依據……………………………………….11
2.確定產品缺陷責任歸責原則應為雙重歸責原則……………………………….12
五、對完善我國產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任制度的思考……13
(一)對完善我國產品瑕疵責任的思考………………………………13
1.產品瑕疵責任制度存在的問題………………………………………………….13
2.完善我國產品瑕疵責任制度的思考…………………………………………….14
(二)對完善我國產品缺陷責任的思考…………………………….14
1.擴大產品的范圍………………………………………………………………….14
2.擴展產品責任的責任主體……………………………………………………….15
3.完善抗辯事由…………………………………………………………………….15
4.應該明確精神損害賠償………………………………………………………….15
5.規(guī)范間接損失的賠償范圍……………………………………………………….15
結論……………………………………………………………….17
參考文獻………………………………………………………….18
致謝……………………………………………………………….19
參考文獻
[1]周枏.羅馬法原論(下)[M].北京:商務印書館,2002.
[2]張新寶.買賣合同與贈與合同[M].法律出版社,1999.
[3] 王利明.民法•侵權行為法[M].中國人民大學出版社,1993.
[4] 劉靜著.產品責任論[M].中國政法大學出版社,2000.
[5] 劉文琦著.產品責任法律制度比較研究[M].法律出版社,1997.
[6] 王澤鑒著.商品制造人責任與消費者保護[M].臺灣正中書局,1979.
[1] [日]植木哲.產品責任[J].謝志宇譯.法學譯叢,1992,(6).
[2] [日] 藤家晴生.關于產品責任立法化的考察[J].鮑榮振澤,法學譯叢,1992,(5).
[3] 莊紅蕾.產品質量相關法律問題探析[J].行政與法,2006,(1).
[4] 屈慶昌.歉意產品責任之產品缺陷[J].市場周刊,2006,(3).
[5] 江偉.商品瑕疵,損失兩萬[J].商品與質量,2005,(27).
[6] 王福友.論產品質量法上的瑕疵給付責任[J].學術交流,2006,(6).
[7] 王玉梅.論產品瑕疵責任與產品缺陷責任[J].財經界,2002,(12).
[8] 胡建梅.對產品責任、產品質量責任的比較[J].商場現代化,2007.
[9] 郭洪波.完善產品責任法的建議[J].當代法學,2001,(6).
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