毛巾上的細菌分離及鑒定
摘要：通過本次為期四周實驗，學習和掌握從周圍環(huán)境中分離不同的菌種，以及對其純化鑒定的基本操作技能，了解微生物學的基礎知識，與此同時，通過對不同菌種的直觀認識及其危害性的了解，提高人們對日常生活用品的防護意識，并呼吁人們科學合理的生活習慣。
在本次實驗中，主要通過有關微生物的基礎操作性實驗：細菌的大小測定及其數(shù)目的測定、簡單染色、革蘭氏染色；四個基本鑒定性實驗：大分子物質的水解、糖發(fā)酵試驗、IMViC試驗以及硫化氫試驗。對所分離純化出的不同菌種的形態(tài)和生理生化特征進行分析鑒定。經(jīng)過查閱相關資料《伯杰氏細菌鑒定手冊》得出最終結果：毛巾中含有革蘭氏陰性的大腸桿菌，及革蘭氏陽性的金黃色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌。
通過本次實驗得知，在人們日常生活中，一些必需品很容易細菌的繁殖，經(jīng)實驗測定，平均每平方厘米的毛巾上有約120000個細菌，特別是在潮濕的毛巾上毛巾會快速繁殖，所以，毛巾很容易產生異味和發(fā)粘，正是由于毛巾上的細菌、油脂、蛋白質已經(jīng)發(fā)酵、變質。因此，毛巾使用一段時間要注意消毒。
關鍵詞：毛巾、細菌分離、鑒定、危害。
Abstract: This four-week experiment, study and master the separation from the surrounding environment in different species, and its Purification and Identification of the basic skills, learn the basics of microbiology at the same time, by different strains of the visual knowledge and understanding of the dangers to raise awareness of the daily necessities of protection consciousness, and called it a scientific and rational habits.
In this experiment, the main basis for interoperability through the microbe experiment: Determination of the number of bacteria in the determination of the size, simple stain, gram stain; four basic identification study: hydrolysis of macromolecules, sugar fermentation test , IMViC test and hydrogen sulfide. On the isolated and purified strains of different morphological and physiological and biochemical characteristics were analyzed and identified. Through access to relevant information, "Bo Jieshi bacterial identification manual" that the final results: Towels containing Gram-negative E. coli, and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Through this experiment that, in people's daily life, some necessities is easy reproduction of bacteria, measured by the experiment, the average per square centimeter of towels around 120 000 bacteria, especially in wet towels on the towel will quickly multiply Therefore, the towel is easy to produce odor and sticky, formally as a towel on the bacteria, fat, protein has been fermented, metamorphism. Therefore, the towel to use for some time to pay attention to disinfection.
Keywords: towel, bacterial isolation, identification, hazard.