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A Team-Based Model of Corporate Board Effectiveness

The existing literature examining teams and knowledge-based work groups demonstrates a causal link between team practices or attributes, effectiveness, and outcomes (Cohen and Bailey, 1997; Kirkman and Rosen, 1999; Marks et al., 2001). Extending on the literature regarding team effectiveness, some governance scholars have started to focus on managerial competence and empowerment arguments to help explain organizational performance differences (Davis et al., 1997; Hendry, 2002; Shen, 2003). In their seminal theoretical work, Forbes and Milliken (1999) integrated literature on corporate boards and team effectiveness arguing that board effectiveness is identified by the same criteria as many previous models of team effectiveness. Further, they suggest that the various board demographics typically used in board research, such as insider/outsider ratio, board size, and tenure, are expected to influence overall team effectiveness independently. Similarly, Sonnenfeld (2002) describes effective boards as being distinguished by ??robust, effective social systems?ˉ and contends that board demographics between Forbes Magazine?ˉs (2001) most-admired and least-admired companies are actually similar. This suggests that structural characteristics in and of themselves do not differentiate between high-performing and low-performing boards. Sonnenfeld (2002, p. 106) goes on to state, ??We need to consider not only how we structure the work of a board but also how we manage the social system a board actually is.?ˉ This is consistent with the conclusion of Papadakis et al. (1998) that decision-specific and relationship attributes, rather than board demographics, represent the greatest influence on the strategic decision-making process.







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??óD?D??í??óoí?ùóú?aê?μ?1¤×÷D?×éμ????×±í?÷￡?í??ó????μ?DD?a?òê?D?￡?D§?üó??á1?????′??úòò1?1??μ￡¨Cohen oí Bailey, 1997; Kirkman oí Rosen, 1999; Marks μè, 2001￡??￡?úí??óD§?ü?D??μ?í??1·???￡?ò?D?1üàí?§??ò??-?aê?1?×￠1üàí?üá|oí?3?ü￡?ò??aêí×é?ˉ?¨D§μ?2?òì￡¨Davis et al., 1997; Hendry, 2002; Shen, 2003￡??￡Forbes and Milliken￡¨1999￡???o?á??óòμ?-ê??áoíí??óD§?ü·???μ??D??￡?è??a?-ê??áμ?óDD§D?è·?¨±ê×?ó?ò??°Dí?àμ?í??óD§?ü±ê×??àí??￡′?ía￡??????¨òé?-ê??áè??úí¨3￡?ú?-ê??á?D???Dê1ó?￡?àyè??ú???òê??-ê??áè??úμ?±èày￡??-ê??á1??￡￡?ò??°è??ú￡??¤??????ó°?ì??ì?í??óD§?üμ??àá￠?￡í??ù￡?Sonnenfeld￡¨2002￡??ééü??3?￡??@@?óDD§μ??-ê??á?ü×÷?a???è??￡?óDD§μ?é??á???è?ˉ￡?2￠è??a?￡2??1?ó??￡¨2001￡?×?Dàéíoí×?2?×e?′μ?1????-ê??áè??úêμ?êé?ê??à??μ??￡?a?í±í?÷￡???±?éíμ??á11ì?μ?2￠??óD??·????¨D§oíμí?¨D§μ??-ê??á?￡Sonnenfeld￡¨2002, P106￡???3?￡o?°?ò??Dèòa????μ?2???ê??ò??è?o?×é?ˉá?ò????-ê??áμ?1¤×÷￡?êμ?êé?ò2òa?aμàè?o?1üàí?ò??μ?ò????-ê??á???è?￡?±?aê?ó?Papadakisμèè?μ??á??ê?ò???μ??￡P(guān)apadakisμè￡¨1998￡?ìá3?á??a?????¨μ???ì?ê?D?oí1??μ￡???2?ê??-ê??áè??ú￡?±í?÷?a?ú??????2?1y3ìμ?ó°?ì×?′ó?￡




3?′|￡oG. Tyge Payne,George S. Benson,David L. Finegold.1????-ê??áê?D?￡?í??óD§?üoí2????¨D§.1üàí?D???ú?ˉ,2009(12):P11