基于matlab的FIR濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)與仿真

  摘　　要

FIR濾波器是一種被廣泛應(yīng)用的基本的數(shù)字信號處理部件。通過比較FIR和IIR濾波器可以得到IIR濾波器不能實(shí)現(xiàn)嚴(yán)格的線性相位，而且階數(shù)較低，所以我們采用FIR濾波器來實(shí)現(xiàn)。隨著MATLAB軟件信號處理工具箱的推出，MATLAB已成為信號處理，特別是數(shù)字信號處理DSP應(yīng)用中的分析、設(shè)計(jì)、仿真的主要工具。Matlab信號處理中的FIR濾波器設(shè)計(jì)而言，在很大程度上能快速有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)濾波器的分析、設(shè)計(jì)及仿真，大大節(jié)約了設(shè)計(jì)時間，相對傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)而言，簡化了濾波器設(shè)計(jì)難度。通過對FIR濾波器的原理及特性的學(xué)習(xí)與研究，本文采用MATLAB軟件中的FDATool工具箱和SPTool工具箱來分別對FIR濾波器進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)與仿真。本文分別通過三種方法實(shí)現(xiàn)FIR濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)與仿真。首先通過FDATool工具箱結(jié)合窗函數(shù)法實(shí)現(xiàn)FIR低通濾波器的仿真，其次通過SPTool工具箱結(jié)合等波紋設(shè)計(jì)法實(shí)現(xiàn)帶通濾波器的仿真，最后通過頻率抽樣法實(shí)現(xiàn)FIR高通濾波器的仿真。這些方法能夠直觀地檢驗(yàn)濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)效果,便于優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)、提高設(shè)計(jì)效率和成功率。

關(guān)鍵詞  FIR數(shù)字濾波器；MATLAB；FDATool；SPTool
     

MATLAB-based FIR filter design and simulation
ABSTRACT
FIR filter is a widely used basic digital signal processing components. FIR and IIR filters by comparing the IIR filter can be strictly linear phase can not be achieved, and the lower order, so we use the FIR filter to achieve. MATLAB Signal Processing Toolbox with the launch of the software, MATLAB has become the signal processing, especially digital signal processing DSP applications analysis, design, simulation of the main tools. Matlab Signal Processing FIR filter design is concerned, to a large extent can be achieved quickly and efficiently filter analysis, design and simulation, a significant reduction in design time, compared to the traditional design, the simplified filter design difficult. FIR filter on the principle and characteristics of learning and research, this paper FDATool MATLAB software toolbox and SPTool toolbox respectively FIR filter design and simulation. Three methods were adopted to achieve this FIR filter design and simulation. FDATool toolbox with first through the window function to achieve simulation of FIR low-pass filter, followed by SPTool toolbox with equiripple band-pass filter design method to achieve the simulation, and finally achieved by frequency sampling FIR high-pass filter simulation. These methods can be directly tested effects of filter design, easy to optimize the design parameters to improve the design efficiency and success rate.

Key words  FIR digital filters；MATLAB；FDATool；SPTool

目　　錄
　　
　 １引言 1
2　MATLAB軟件介紹 3
2.1　FDATool工具箱 5
2.2　SPTool工具箱 6
3　FIR濾波器的原理及特性 8
3.1　FIR濾波器分類 8
3.2　FIR濾波器的原理 9
3.3　FIR濾波器的特性 10
3.3.1　FIR濾波器的相位特性 10
3.3.2　FIR濾波器的幅頻特性 12
4　FIR濾波器和IIR濾波器的性能比較 20
4.1　凱撒窗函數(shù) 21
4.2　切比雪夫窗函數(shù) 21
4.3  FIR濾波器和IIR濾波器的仿真及性能比較 22
5  FIR濾波器的仿真實(shí)現(xiàn) 24
5.1　FIR低通濾波器的仿真實(shí)現(xiàn) 24
5.1.1　布蘭克曼窗函數(shù) 24
5.1.2　FIR低通濾波器的仿真 25
5.2　FIR帶通濾波器的仿真 28
5.2.1　等波紋設(shè)計(jì)法 28
5.2.2　FIR帶通濾波器的仿真 28
5.3　FIR高通濾波器的仿真 32
5.3.1　頻率抽樣法 32
5.3.2　FIR高通濾波器的仿真 33
結(jié)論 36
致謝 37
參考文獻(xiàn) 38